2, brass: refers to copper and zinc based alloy, and can be subdivided into simple brass and complex brass, complex brass with the third group of name for lead brass, nickel brass, silicon brass;

3. Bronze: refers to copper-base alloys other than copper-nickel and copper-zinc alloys, mainly including tin bronze, aluminum bronze and special bronze (also known as high copper alloy);

4.,White copper: refers to copper-nickel alloy;

Related regulations for copper　　

The standardization of copper and copper alloys is progressing rapidly in China. The national standards of copper are divided into four categories:

One is the basic standard, among which gb5231-2001 stipulates the chemical composition and product shape of processed copper and copper alloy;

The second is the standard of chemical analysis method, which specifies the chemical analysis method of principal components and impurity elements in copper and alloy.

The third is physical and chemical performance test method, including resistance coefficient, ultrasonic flaw detection, eddy current flaw detection, residual stress, zinc removal corrosion, oxygen content of oxygen-free copper, fracture, grain size and other prescribed methods;

Iv. Product standards, including cathode copper, copper wire ingot for electricians, cast brass ingot, cast bronze ingot, crude copper, copper sulfate, copper beryllium intermediate alloy, copper intermediate alloy, copper concentrate, and copper and alloy processing material standards.

In addition to national standards, China also has industrial standards and enterprise standards. In order to meet the needs of product development, the parties may also agree on special technical conditions.

Then the X-ray fluorescence spectrum is the chemical analysis of the principal components and impurity elements in copper and alloy detected by the second category of national standard.

Application scheme of X fluorescence spectrometer in the detection of copper alloy

X – fluorescence spectrometer is used to analyze the exact composition of various chemical elements in various metal materials.For raw material inspection, smelting process composition control, finished element composition determination and other special applications, to detect copper alloy prefurnace analysis and finished product analysis, control the content of copper alloy components, so as to meet the technical requirements of customers to control the content of copper to reduce production costs.

The main feature of the technique is that a sample is exposed to low-energy x-rays, and some of the atoms in the sample will emit their own characteristic X-ray fluorescence to identify these elements, while their content is nondestructively tested.The fluorescence analyzer produced by our company adopts advanced Angle irradiation and automatic combination system of collimator and filter to realize full spectrum analysis of analytical spectrum.The specially designed excitation light source makes the composition analysis of metal materials enter a new era.Excellent analysis performance, very short analysis time, very low operation and maintenance cost, intelligent operation mode, make sample analysis simple and easy.It can be widely applied to the composition analysis of copper alloy, aluminum alloy, zinc alloy, nickel alloy, titanium alloy, cobalt alloy, stainless steel and other metal samples.

According to the needs of different customers, our company has launched three kinds of fluorescence analyzers: edx-2800 and edx-6800 edx-6800a, which are respectively suitable for:

Edx-2800: do not measure or pay no attention to light elements such as aluminum, silicon, phosphorus and sulfur.

Edx-6800: magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur and all heavy elements shall be measured, but the accuracy shall meet the requirements of national standards.

EDX-6800A:Magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur and all heavy elements need to be measured, but the accuracy is higher than the national standard.

EDX-2800 Characteristics of X fluorescence analyzer for EDX-2800 copper alloy

1.The range of elements measured: from sulfur (S) to uranium (U).
2.Analysis range of element content: PPM – 99.99% (different elements, different analysis range).
3.Simultaneously analyzes the element: once may measure dozens of elements.

4.Measurement time: 60-200 seconds.

5.Sample type: metal, powder, liquid.
6.Detection lower limit:Cd/Cr/Hg/Br≤2 ppm, Pb≤5 ppm 。

7.Efficient thin window X-ray tube (W target).Rated power: 50W, pipe pressure: 5kv-50kv;Conduit flow 50 ua – 1000 ua.
8.High voltage power supply: rated power: 50 W.Voltage: 0-50 KV, rated current: 1.0 mA.8 hours stability ≤0.05%
9.Si-Pin semiconductor detector with high performance electric refrigeration, satisfactory resolution up to 149eV±5.

10.Large sample measurement chamber, sample chamber size: 460×298×150mm.
11.Mobile platform.

12.Optical path enhancement system.
13.High signal-to-noise ratio electronic circuit system
14.Built-in high-definition camera
15.Automatic switching type collimator and filter
16.Triple security protection mode

EDX-6800(A)Characteristics of X fluorescence analyzer for copper alloy

1.The range of elements measured: from sodium (Na) to uranium (U).
2.Analysis range of element content: PPM – 99.99% (different elements, different analysis range).
3.Simultaneously analyzes the element: once may measure dozens of elements.

4.Measurement time: 60-200 seconds.

5.Sample type: metal, powder, liquid.
6.Lower detection limit (ROHS element) : Cd/Cr/Hg/Br≤2 PPM, Pb≤5 PPM.

7.Working environment: temperature: 15 ~ 30℃ humidity ≤85% (no condensation).
8.Power supply: ac 220V±5V, high precision parameter voltage regulator power supply.
9. Si-pin semiconductor detector with original American high performance electric refrigeration is adopted (6800A type is super-sdd electric refrigeration detector with satisfactory resolution up to 127eV).
10.Built-in high-definition camera.
11. With a vacuum system, it is especially suitable for measuring copper alloys with attention to light elements, such as aluminum bronze, tin bronze, etc。

Automatic switching filter system.
Large sample measuring chamber.

Examples of application

Fluorescence analyzer can analyze lead brass, tin bronze, aluminum bronze, manganese brass, common brass, zinc white copper, nickel white copper, red copper and other samples.

Leaded brass

Lead brass (commonly known as free cutting brass) : lead is actually insoluble in brass, free particle state distribution on the grain boundary.Lead brass according to its organization has alpha and (alpha + beta) two kinds.Alpha lead brass can only be subjected to cold deformation or hot extrusion due to its harmful effects and low plasticity at high temperatures.Lead brass has good plasticity at high temperature and can be forged.

Copper alloy class samples due to the melting point is lower, so the sample preparation to prevent excessive temperature segregation, especially lead elements will produce greater instability, therefore require sample system standard used when small lathe car level off, if the site does not lathe, and analyzing the diameter smaller sample only (25 mm) or less, can also use a metal cutting machine (metal) alternative, after cutting of the sample surface is flat big grain, and grinding wheel grinding sample is not allowed.

The sample is measured by cross section, and the diameter of the sample is greater than 10mm.

Measurement map:

Conditional spectrum of lead-brass light elements:

Heavy element conditional spectrum of lead brass:

Working curve: Cu:

Pb：

Fe：

Accuracy comparison results:

Name	Analysis method	Cu	Pb	Fe	Ni	Al	Sn	Zn	Si	As	Bi	Sb
pb59-1	chemical	59.16	1.34	0.287	0.200	0.1570	0.0210	38.65		0.0021	0.0025	0.0001
	fluorescent	58.96	1.33	0.282	0.221	0.2092	0.0547	38.80		0.0031	0.0024	0.0000
	error	-0.20	-0.01	-0.005	0.021	0.0522	0.0337	0.15		0.0010	-0.0001	-0.0001
pb3-2	chemical	60.94	2.91	0.300	0.300	0.1500	0.2000	35.13	0.200	0.0001	0.0023	0.0002
	fluorescent	60.70	2.99	0.292	0.283	0.2127	0.1939	35.11	0.194	0.0000	0.0023	0.0003
	error	-0.24	0.08	-0.008	-0.017	0.0627	-0.0061	-0.02	-0.006	-0.0001	0.0000	0.0001
pb6	chemical	58.14	1.22	0.430	0.710	0.2000	0.2000	39.07		0.0031		0.0002
	fluorescent	58.37	1.15	0.422	0.719	0.2250	0.1942	38.73		0.0040		0.0004
	error	0.23	-0.07	-0.008	0.009	0.0250	-0.0058	-0.34		0.0009		0.0002
pb1-2	chemical	60.12	2.13	0.320	0.200	0.2800	0.2900	36.38	0.100	0.0045		0.0006
	fluorescent	59.92	2.17	0.321	0.208	0.1972	0.2646	36.67	0.114	0.0034		0.0005
	error	-0.20	0.04	0.001	0.008	-0.0828	-0.0254	0.29	0.014	-0.0011		-0.0001
pb2	chemical	62.83	2.30	0.160	0.310	0.1800	0.3100	33.57	0.091	0.0004	0.0023	0.0002
	fluorescent	62.89	2.34	0.171	0.299	0.1468	0.3103	33.62	0.080	0.0007	0.0022	0.0003
	error	0.06	0.04	0.011	-0.011	-0.0332	0.0003	0.06	-0.011	0.0003	-0.0001	0.0001
pb5	chemical	64.65	0.50	0.100	0.100	0.2000	0.1800	34.26			0.0022	0.0002
	fluorescent	64.36	0.57	0.108	0.101	0.1483	0.1932	34.41			0.0022	0.0001
	error	-0.29	0.07	0.008	0.001	-0.0517	0.0132	0.15			0.0000	-0.0001
pb4	chemical	59.94	0.96	0.160	0.310	0.1900	0.2700	38.16		0.0010	0.0023	0.0005
	fluorescent	59.87	0.94	0.153	0.318	0.1588	0.2785	38.13		0.0016	0.0024	0.0004
	error	-0.07	-0.02	-0.007	0.008	-0.0312	0.0085	-0.03		0.0006	0.0001	-0.0001
pb7	chemical	60.12	1.82	0.660	0.450		0.7800	35.38		0.0011		0.0000
	fluorescent	60.19	1.88	0.668	0.444		0.7820	35.43		0.0011		0.0013
	error	0.07	0.06	0.008	-0.006		0.0020	0.05		0.0000		0.0013
pb3-1	chemical	58.74	3.02	0.400	0.320	0.2000	0.2300	37.07		0.0004	0.0023	0.0001
	fluorescent	58.69	2.98	0.399	0.327	0.2202	0.2395	37.01		0.0006	0.0024	0.0004
	error	-0.05	-0.04	-0.001	0.007	0.0202	0.0095	-0.06		0.0002	0.0001	0.0003

锡青铜样品

Tin bronze is the bronze with tin as the main alloy element.In addition to containing 3 to 14 percent tin, phosphorus, zinc, lead and other elements are often added.Is the early application of human alloy, has about 4000 years of history.It is corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, has good mechanical properties and technological properties, and can be welded and brazed very well.

Measurement spectrum:

The working curve of tin:

Comparison data of tin bronze test:

Name	Methods	Cu	Sn	Zn	Pb	Fe	Ni	P	Al	Si
1	chemical	84.15	3.23	10.530	1.350	0.3400	0.1670	0.18	0.011	0.0320
	fluorescent	84.41	3.35	10.320	1.240	0.3000	0.1640	0.17	0.009	0.0270
	error	0.26	0.12	-0.210	-0.110	-0.0400	-0.0030	-0.01	0.00	-0.0050
2	chemical	82.40	5.25	8.830	2.900	0.2300	0.1400	0.11	0.036	0.0530
	fluorescent	82.67	5.18	8.870	2.780	0.1500	0.1340	0.11	0.032	0.0500
	error	0.27	-0.07	0.040	-0.120	-0.0800	-0.0060	0.00	-0.004	-0.0030
3	chemical	82.12	6.37	2.540	8.700	0.0260	0.0520	0.09	0.037	0.0510
	fluorescent	81.86	6.31	2.650	8.870	0.0340	0.0450	0.10	0.032	0.0520
	error	-0.26	-0.06	0.110	0.170	0.0080	-0.0070	0.00	-0.01	0.0010
4	chemical	84.61	10.18	2.880	1.430	0.1900	0.0560	0.56	0.028	0.0200
	fluorescent	84.41	10.45	2.670	1.540	0.1800	0.0500	0.59	0.022	0.0230
	error	-0.20	0.27	-0.210	0.110	-0.0100	-0.0060	0.03	-0.006	0.0030
5	chemical	87.61	10.79	0.130	0.230	0.0520	0.0960	0.97	0.020	0.0400
	fluorescent	87.68	10.56	0.110	0.340	0.0393	0.0890	0.91	0.018	0.0350
	error	0.07	-0.23	-0.020	0.110	-0.0127	-0.0070	-0.06	-0.002	-0.0050